Friends, today in this article we will learn about the production of bio-gas. I am going to give you information about all this in a very good way. So let’s start.
Production of Bio-gas
Bio-gas is a cheap, convenient and smokeless fuel which is produced by rotting or fermenting animal and human excreta and other organic substances in a closed environment. A mixture of cow dung and water, called slurry, is put into the bio-gas plant every day, which ferments in the absence of air. In this process, we get a mixture of methane, carbon dioxide and small amounts of hydrogen sulphide and other gases which is called bio-gas. In this mixture of gases, only methane is flammable.
This gas is used for burning, cooking, lighting and as fuel. The slurry formed after the gas is produced is obtained as bio-fertilizer.
Factors affecting the production of bio-gas
- Effect of pH- The environment should be neutral and alkaline for the process of micro-organisms. Hence pH should be between 6.5 to 7.5. If pH is low or high then gas production may decrease. For this reason, the ratio of water and dung should be 1:1.
- Temperature- The temperature for bio-gas production is between 35°C and 38°C. More gas is produced at this temperature. 20°C-35°C – Methane is produced in less quantity at this temperature. Its production almost stops at 10°C.
- Air and oxygen- Choiogenic bacteria work only in the absence of oxygen and complete the fermentation process. In the presence of air and oxygen, gas is obtained in small quantities.
- Carbon and Nitrogen Ratio-If the ratio of carbon and nitrogen in the slurry is 25:1 to 30:1 then more gas is produced because bacteria use carbon 30 times more.
If the amount of carbon is increased, more CO2 will be obtained and if the percentage of nitrogen is increased, more ammonia will be produced.
- Nature of organic matter-If the substance contains nutrients like cellulose, hemicellulose and protein in large quantities, then gas will be produced in large quantities. Gas is produced in small quantities from liquids whereas more gas is produced from complex organic vegetation. The above mentioned nutrients are essential for the growth of bacteria.
- Harmful substances- The substances that come with the mixture in the process of fermentation are harmful, due to whose effect bacteria die and gas production also decreases. These substances are sulphate, copper, sodium, NaCl, ammonia etc.
- Solid matter- Water is mixed with cow dung in the ratio of 1:1 or in equal quantity. The slurry formed after adding water is flowable and the movement of bacteria is maintained. If the amount of solid is more then the flow of slurry will stop and bacteria will not get a proper medium for bio-gas production.
- The work of pressure research laboratories has shown that pressure has an effect on the fermentation process. Low pressure on the surface of the slurry is good.
benefits of bio gas
The advantages of biogas are as follows-
(i) Since cow dung is used in this, it is not spread on the roads and hence the environment remains clean and odorless.
(ii) This gas does not cause any smoke or pollution and does not leave any residue like ash etc. Also, there is no hassle of collecting wood from forests for burning in villages, which can stop deforestation.
(ii) The manure produced from the biogas plant gets easily mixed in the soil and increases the water holding capacity of the soil.
What did you learn today :-
Now you must have known about the production of bio-gas and you must have got the answer to all these questions very well.
I hope you liked the information given by me, if you have any question/suggestion in your mind, then you can tell me by commenting below, I will definitely reply to your comment. If you liked this post, then you can also share it with your friends and relatives.